The principle of legality as a restrictor of punitive power
relevance in the Democratic Rule of Law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70622/2238-7110.2025.657Keywords:
principles of guarantees, criminology, punishment, legality criminal, guaranteesAbstract
This article critically addresses the principle of legality as a cornerstone of Criminal Law within a Democratic and guarantor-based Rule of Law, as established in the Federal Constitution and the Penal Code. It highlights its role as a limit to the punitive power of the State and as a safeguard of individual freedom. In a context marked by penal harshness and setbacks in legal guarantees, strict legality assumes the role of democratic resistance. The text advocates for its application, requiring anteriority, specificity, and the prohibition of analogy in malam partem. It revisits its historical origins in Roman Law, the Magna Carta, and the Enlightenment, with emphasis on Beccaria and Feuerbach. The conclusion is that this principle must be protected against arbitrary and populist uses of Criminal Law, and its analysis remains essential within the field of legal dogmatics.
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